Temple buildings
All information about the Chola Temple, its architecture, pictures and history, coming soon.
I adopt this classification as already introduced by Professor Gabriel Jouveau-Dubreuil, because it seems to me sensible to use an existing classification as a basis for discussion.
This division was purely arbitrary, since art has changed in an imperceptible rather than a discontinuous manner.
These five epochs are the following:
- Pallava epoch (A.D. 600 to 850) – Rock cut and structural temples;
- Early Chōla epoch (A.D. 850 to 1100) – Development of the vimana (sikhara), walled enclosure and gopurams;
- Later Chōla (Pandya) epoch (A.D. 1100 to 1350) – Evolution of the gopuram – number, height, embellishment and high walls for enclosure for security (Muslim invasion);
- Vijayanagar epoch (A.D. 1350 to 1600) – Addition of mandapa’s, secondary halls and gopurams;
- Modern (Nayak/Madura) epoch (A.D. 1600 onwards) – Temple cities, addition of gopurams to existing temples.
The Dravidian style of architecture can be categorized as a distinct evolution of temple architecture through the various phases.
There is a noticeable evolution in the planning of the temple and architectural design.
In the 12th century (Pandya), complex rituals necessitated complex planning in temple construction.